i-Atlantis – isiphumo socwangciso lwentlalo yenkqubo yengcinezelo

I-Atlantis yasekwa ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1970s “njengendawo engumbono omhle wezemvelis” kwisithuba sesikhokelo senkqubo yentlalo phantsi kwemigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente wengcinezelo. Le migaqo-nkqubo yayiyilelwe ukwahlula abantu boMzantsi Afrika ngokobuhlanga w within the framework of apartheid spatial development policies. 

I-Atlantis yayenzelwe abantu abathatyathwa ‘njengabangamaqheya’ phantsi kwemithetho yengcinezelo yaye yayibekwe kummandla ongama-45 eekilomitha ukusuka kumntla wesixeko saseKapa – kude kumbindi-dolophu, apho lwalufumaneka khona uninzi lwezithuba zengqesho ngaloo mihla. 

Isixeko Esisesantini

Ngenjongo yokutsala umdla woluntu kule dolophu intsha, abantu bathenjiswa ngezindlu nemisebenzi.

Abantu ababethatyathwa ‘njengamaqheya’ abathi basuswa kwiindawo ngeendawo zaseKapa ngethuba lokususwa ngennkani, okanye abo babefuna ukuqhwesha kwiimeko zokuhlala ezazigcwele kwiingingqi ababehlala kuzo, beza e-Atlantis besethembeni lempilo engcono.

I-Altantis – “ikude kakhulu eKapa”

Uluntu lwase-Atlantis lwakhula ukususela kwiqanda ngo-1973 ukuya kuma-30,000 kwiminyaka yoo-1980 ze lwaya kudlula nje kancinci kuma-67,000 ngo-2011 (ngokobalo-bantu lokugqibela).

Eyona nto yayingamandla kwabo babefudukele e-Atlantis kukubhekela kwayo mpela kwiKapa.

“Kungoku nje ndiyifumene indlu e-Atlantis, yaye ikude kakhulu. Andifuni kuya kuhlala khona ngoba ikude kubantu bam kunye nomsebenzi. Kodwa ke, ndiza kuthini, ngoba indawo yokufihla intloko yona ndiyayifuna. Lelona themba elo kum. Ndifuna ukwazi ukuba kwakutheni ukuze bakhe ilokishi kude kangaka neKapa nje.”

NguC Samuels, kwiGrassroots, kweyeDwarha ka-1980. 

Uphuhliso ngokoqoqosho – kwiminyaka yokuqala

Impumelelo ye-Atlantis njengendawo yemizi-mveliso kwanokunikezela ngezithuba zengqesho ngenjongo yokutsala umdla ‘wamaqheya’ kule dolophana, kwakuxhomeeke kwinkxaso emandla karhulumente. URhulumente watyala malunga neR1,500 yezigidi kweli phulo.

Ngenjongo yokutsala umdla woshishino, yeza namaqithiqithi afana neemali-mboleko ezinenzala ephantsi xa kuthengwa umhlaba nezakhiwo, kwehliswa iirhafu zeenkapani, inkxaso-mali kwiindleko zemfuduko , izaphulelo zokuhamba ngoololiwe kunye nenkxaso-mali zokufumana izindlu kubasebenzi.

Amashishini atsalwa ngamaqithiqithi ayekhutshwa ngurhulumente

Zingaphaya kwekhulu iinkampani ezilathathayo eli cham lokufudukela e-Atlantis. Ezona zaba nomdla omandla zezo zemizi-mveliso engemikhulu eyayinokukwazi lula ukufuduka ngaphandle kokudinga iimali ezinkulu.

Oyena mqeshi wayemkhulu, i-Atlantis Diesel Engine (ADE), wasekwa ngo-1979 ze waqesha abasebenzi abangaphezu kwama-2300.

Ukucotha kophuhliso lwemizi-mveliso kuchaphazela ukudalwa kwamathuba engqesho

Noxa ayefumaneka nje amaqithiqithi karhulumente, uphuhliso lwezemveliso lwaluhamba ngonyawo lonwabu. Zazinganelanga iinkampani ezaziya kuqesha bonke abantu ababefudukele apho bekhangela izithuba zengqesho. Oku kwakhokelela kwizinga eliphezulu lentswela-ngqesho.

Ngapha koko, ikhulu lemizi-mveliso eyathi yamiselwa yadala izithuba zengqesho ezihlawula kancinci.

Uninzi lwabantu kwakusafunea bakhwele baye kusebenza eKapa besebenzisa izixa ezikhulu zemivuzo yabo ekukhweleni. Kwakungekho loliwe uthutha abantu ngelo xesha ngoko ke iindleko zothutho zazixhomile.

Izindlu e-Atlantis

Abantu babengathenjiswanga misebenzi nje kuphela e-Atlantis, babekwathenjiswe nezindlu.

I-Avondale yaba yeyokuqala kwiingingqi ezintandathu ezathi zakhiwa, yalandelwa yiSaxonsea, iProtea Park, iRobinvale, iBeacon Hill kunye neSherwood.

Ngaphambi kuka-1980, babungavumelekanga ubunini ezindlwini. Endaweni yoko, kwakurentwa iifleti okanye imizi ebudibana kwiBhunga Leisithili. Abo baabengenayo imali yokurenta bona babekhutshwa ze kujoliswe ikakhulu kubantu ababesele bephangela khona e-Atlantis.

Izindlu ezikumgangatho ophantsi

Umgangatho wezindlu zebhunga wawuphantsi. Zaziyilwe ngendlela engekho mgangathweni kungekho neendawo zokungena moya. Iindonga zazifumile kubonakala ukuba nkungu ngeentseni ze ukungunda kwayingxaki enkulu.

I-Atlantis yayikwaziwa “njengedolophu yeerhorho” njengoko izinambuzane zazithanda ukubonakala kwezo zitena zothuthu ezazisetyenziselwe ukwakha ezo zindlu.

Ukungabikho kwezisekelo - Atlantis maak you flenters!

Izisekelo ezifana neekhritshi, izikolo, iivenkile kunye namaziko ononophelo lwempilo nawo ayenganelanga ukuqala kwabantu ukufika e-Atlantis. Oku kwandisa kwiinzima ababephila phantsi kwazo abantu ababefudukele kule dolophu “isehlahini”.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngo-980, i-Atlantis yayineqaqobana leevenkile namashishini. Ngaphandle kwemizi kunye nemizi-mveliso, kwakungekho zibhanki, kungekho ofisi yeposi, iivenkile ezinkulu okanye iindawo ezibhaka isonka. Abahlali kwakufuneka bayilande eMamre iposi yabo, umgama oziikhilomitha ezintlanu ukusuka e-Atlantis.

Amatyotyombe aseWitsand

Ukufika kwabantu abamnyama abangama-Afrika, ababesuka ikakhulu eMpuma Koloni, kwakhokelela ekumiselweni kwelokishi yamatyotyombe ebizwa iWitsand kwiziphaluka ze-Atlantis. Imizi yokuqala yamiselwa apho ngeminyaka yoo-1980.

Ngena yemithetho yengcinezelo, ngabantu ababebizwa ‘njengamaqheya’ kuphela ababenelungelo lokuhlala e-Atlantis. De kube ngo-1990, ama-Afrika amnyama ayengavunyelwanga ukuba ahlale e-Atlantis. Babevumeleke ukuba babe ngabasebenzi kuphela apho. Abanini bemizi-mveliso nabo babengavunyelwanga ukubafakela izicelo zokuba bahlale kwizakhiwo zemizi-mveliso leyo.

Ngokuhamba kwamaxesha, abantu ababevumelekile ukuba bangahlala e-Atlantis, kodwa bengenazo iintsiba zokurenta apho, baye baya kuhlala eWitsand.

I-Atlantis ngeminyaka yoo-80… zazinzima iingxazi zezoqoqosho

Imeko e-Atlantis yaya isiba maxongo ngeminyaka yoo-1980 ngenxa yeemeko zoqoqosho ezazimbi. Ukuvalwa kotyalo-mali kuMzantsi Afrika ngenjongo yokufaka uxinzelelo kuwo ukuze uphelise inkqubo yengcinezelo nokuze abatyali-mali balishiye eli lizwe.

Eyona ngxaki yavela mhla kwaphela amaqithiqithi ayenikwa amashishini ngurhulumente ngo-1989. I-Atlantic Diesel Engine, enye yezona nkampani zokuqala nezaziqeshe abasebenzi abaninzi apho yavala.

Kwaphulukwana apho nezithuba zengqesho ezikumyinge wesithathu kwisine kwicandelo lemizi-mveliso.

Ubunzima neentlungu

Amazinga entsela-nqesho aphezulu kwakunye nentlupheko eyakhulayo yakhokelela ekukhutshweni koninzi lweentsapho kwimizi yayo.

Ngokwamazwi abantu…

“Mihla le ubona abantu bekhangela imisebenzi. Uninzi lwabanye sele lwancama. Abasakhangeli ngoba eneneni akukho msebenzi..”

- Noel Williams, Chairperson of Atlantis Residents Association

"None of us asked to come and live here. I have lived here for nine years. The farmers burdened us with problems. I can no longer sleep at night. Where do we go with our children if we are evicted? The time has come for us to stand together. In the words of Nelson Mandela, we must fight for our rights.

- Charles Neelse

(Isuka kwiphephandaba iGrassroots , kuTshazimpuzi 1985)

Abantu base-Atlantis bami kunye yaye bayaqumana

“Kufuneka sithetheni ngazwi-nye ze sinyatheleni ndaweni-nye”

– Resident of Atlantis

Kwakukho isidingo esingxamisekileyo sombutho onamandla ngenjongo yokunika ingqwalasela kwizidingo ezininzizabantu base-Atlantis ezisusela ekwenyusweni kwamaxabiso ooduladula, izigrogriso zokukhutshwa emizini, amaxabiso aphezulu okutya kunye nentswela-ngqesho.

Oku kwaye kwakhokelela ekusekweni kwemibutho efana neKomiti Yeentshukumo Zezindlu Yabahlali base-Atlantis, uMbutho Wabahlali base-Atlantis kunye noMbutho Wamanina ase-Atlantis kwiminyaka yoo-80.

Iimanyano zabasebenzi e-Atlantis

njengakuMzantsi Afrika ngokubanzi, nase-Atlantis iimanyano zabasebenzi zazizibandakanya kwidabi lokulwa intlupheko kwakunye nokungcola kwemithetho yengcinezelo.

Ngokukuko, iimanyano ezi zazijongene nomba wemivuzo ephantsi efunyanwa ngabasebenzi xa kuthelekiswa nabasebenzi baseaKapa. Ukuqala kwabo ukwazi ngamaqithiqithi afunyanwa ziinkampani zase-Atlantis, zanyanzelisa ukuba la maqithiqithi abonakale ngokwenyuswa kwemivuzo ayabasebenzi.

I-Atlantis kwiminyaka yoo-1990s nakwinkulungwake yama-20

Lenyuka kakhulu izinga lentswela-ngqesho laya kuma kumyinge wama-40 ekhulwini ngo-1992. Azizange zitshintshe ezi meko nasemva kolonyulo lokuqala lwentando yesininzi ngo-1994. Eneneni, iimeko zokuphila zaya zisiba maxongo.

Imeko yoqoqosho lwehlabathi eyayimbi ngo-2008-2009 yakhokelela kumsinga wesibini weenzima zoqoqosho. Kwisithuba nje seshumi elinesibhozo seenyanga, lishumi lemizi-mveliso elavalayo ze omnye wafuduka.

I-Atlantis namhlanje – inamathuba amahle kodwa isisixeko esigutyungelwe lulwaphulo-mthetho kwanamaqela emigewu

Namhlanje, i-Atlantis iqhayisa ngodederhu lweevenkile, intshukumo eqhakazileyo yoshishino, iziseko zezothutho kunye nezikolo ezine zamabanga aphakamileyo ezithe zavelisa uninzil wabantu abaneetalente. Eyona nto iqhayisa ngayo kakhulu ke ngabantu bayo abazidlayo nabazinikeleyo.

Noxa kunjalo ke, isawurhuqa umrhaji wentlupheko nentswela-ngqesho oyenze i-Atlantis ‘yaduma’ ngamazinga ayo aphrzulu olwaphulo-mthetho kunye namaqela emigewu.

“The Lost City of Atlantis – so many flavours, so much talent, so many personalities, so much potential, but only recognized for crime.”

utsho uMonique Hanson, ongunondaba wase-Atlantis.

I-Atlantis – isixeko Esilahlekileyo siyavuka kwakhona

Umfutho kunye nokuzidla koluntu lwalapho, urulumente omtsha kuny notyalo-mali kushishino ndawonye nokuphuculwa kweziseko zoluntu zidale ukuvuseleleka kwethemba kubantu base-Atlantis.

Ngo-2013, ingingqi enemizi-mveliso eyasekwa ngeminyaka yoo-1970, yafumana ubomi obutsha mhla kwamiselwa amashishini amakhulu namatsha afana neTellumat Electronic Manufacturing kunyye nemizi-mveliso yezobuchwepheshe yakwaHisense.

“Kubantu base-Atlantis, lo mzi-mveliso uzisa ithemba lokuba umthwalo wentlupheko nentswela-ngqesho ezithe zaxhaphaza le ngingqi iminyaka ngeminyaka nazo ziya kubhangiswa”

ngu-Ebrahim Patel, owayenguMphathiswa Wezophuhliso Loqoqosho kumsitho wokuvulwa ngokusesikweni kweHisense.

Ikamva le-Atlantis likhangeleka liqaqambile - liluhlaza

Ngenyanga yoMnga ka-2018, kwathi kwaphehlelelwa ngokusesikweni i-Atlantis Special Economic Zone (SEZ) for Green Technologies nguMongameli uCyril Ramaphosa.

Le ngingqi inikelwa kwinkalo yezemveliso kwanasekunikezelweni kweenkonzo kwinkalo yezzobuchwepheshe obuluhlaza. Izixhobo ezivelisa umbane ngomoya, izixhobo ezivelisa umbane ngokugqatswa lilanga, amafutha afumaneka kwilindle, izithuthi zombane, izixhobo zokuphinda kusetyenziswe impahla ebisele isetyenzisiwe yalahlwa kunye nezixhobo zezakhiwo eziluhlaza zonke ziyimizekelo yamalinge anokuzifumana esenziwa apha e-Atlantis kwixesha elizayo.

Kulindeleke ukuba itsale umdla kutyalo-mali olufikelela kwiR3.7 yezigidigidi kwisithuba samashumi amabini azayo.

Amazwi ase-Atlantis …

Sibuze abanye babahlali baseAtlantis ngezimvo zabo kunye nethemba labo ngeAtlantis.

“Njengengxeny yabantu abatsha base-Atlantis, ndiyazingca ngokuba ngomnye wabantu base-Atlantis. Ndikholelwa ekubeni likho ithemba lempucuko emandla kwanokukhula… Eyona nto intle yenzeka e-Atlantis kungoku nje kukuba abantu bathabatha amanyathelo ekuziseni iinguqu apha e-Atlantis”.

- Elfino, 23, resident of Atlantis and member of Rotaract.

“I-Atlantis yindawo elungileyo enothotho lwezinto ezibukelekayo ezenzekayo kuyo, kodwa lukwakho nothotho lwezinto ezininzi ezimbi ezenzekayo. Ezifana nobugewu, impatho-gadalala, udwengulo, ukubulala nezinye.Amaphulo okuhlala enzeka okokoko yaye kululungele uluntu. Into endingathanda ukuyitshintsha yingqiqo yabantu abatsha njengoko becinga ukuba ubugewu yinto entle.”

- nguMelisaa Scheepers, ona-24, ongumhlali wase-Atlantis, osebenza Kwezolawulo Lwezikolo.

“Kungoku nje imvakalelo yokuba yingxenye yoluntu ikwizinga elihle, ICorona yenze uninzi lwabantu lwasondelelana. Amagqala alapha ngawo asibumbayo kuba esigcina sisemgceni… Abantwana bethu ayazidinga ezi ntsika ekuhlaleni, njengoko esidinga isikhoelo.

Kukho amalinge amahle aqhutywayo, kodwa ke awasoloko eqhuba kuba njengoko engekho luqilima, ngoko ke ixabiso lawo liyalahleka. Oosopolitiki bethu kufuneka bazibandakanye kwiimpilo zemihla ngemihla zoluntu lwethu. Asikwazi ukubagqibelisa kuphela ngeentsuku zovoto.”  

- nguWayne, ona-56, nongusomashihini kunye nonyawo-ntle ohlala e-Atlantis.

“I-Atlantis yeyona ndawo ingcono yokuhlala kum,noxa kukho ezingtel nezimbi kwalapha, ndisenemvakalelo yokuba ndingazakhela ikamva apha ze ndizame ukuba ndibe ngumntu ongcono… Thina njengoluntu lwalapha sisoloko simi kunye ngamaxesha olwaphulo-mthetho.”  

- nguJenny-Lee Fielies, ona-22, nongumhlali wase-Atlantis.

“Lonke usapho lwam luhlala apha, ngoko ke le yidolophu yam yaye ndiyayithanda. Mna nezihlobo zam siya kuzama ukwenza umahluko. Sifuna ubomi obungcono ukuze sibe nokukwazi ukuncokola ngezinto ezininzi ezifuna ukuzenza apha.

Zonke izihlobo zam, siyakuthanda ukudlala ibhola ekhatywayo yaye sidlala nandawoni na, kodwa ke akusoloko kukhuselekile apha. Kufuneka sizikhusele.”

- Bevan, ona-16, nongumfundi wase-Atlantis.

“Ubomi bam neshishini lam ndizakhe apha e-Atlantis. Abantwana bam ababini nabo bakwahlaa basebenze e-Atlantis. Sinobomi obuzinze kuhle apha, noxa sisaphuma ngothotho lweenguqu ezintle nje. Asinakuze siyeke ukukholelwa ukuba izinto ziya kuze ziphucuke phakathi kwethu njengoko ukuze sibe yingxenye yaloo nguqu.”

- nguWayne, ona-56, nongusomashishini ohlala e-Atlantis 

“Abantu balapha abanikezeli, bazama ukulungisa izinto. Nabantwana banokusokolisa, kodwa uyabona ukuba nabo bafuna ukuba ngcono. Iicawa kunye nemasjied kunye nazo zonke ezinye iinkolo, kufuneka bancede abantu ngakumbi, kuba asinakuxhomekeka kurhulumente wethu. Izikolo zihle kakhulu, kuba ziyanceda ekondleni, kodwa ziyasokola ngemali.”

- UMymoena, onama43, othengisa iziqhamo kunye nemifuno waseAtlantis.

“Kumntu ohlala eAtlantis kule minyaka ingama40 idlulileyo, ndiziva ngathi ubomi buseseyingxaki ngenxa yobundlobongela bamaqela emigewu nentswela-ngqesho. Ndicinga ukuba iAtlantis izakukhula ngokomelela ukuba singabahlali siyabandakanyeka ekukhuthazeni ulutsha lwethu ukuba luqhubele phambili ngezifundo zalo.”

- UNico Wagenstroom, onama64, ilungu leRotary Club Atlantis.

“I-Atlantis ibilikhaya lam phantse iminyaka engama35 Ndiyasithanda isixeko sam Ndizibonile izinto ezininzi ezintle kunye nokukhula kule minyaka idlulileyo Ndizibonile iziphumo ezibi zentlupheko kodwa ndikhe ndabona abantu abaninzi abalungileyo bezama ukwenza umahlukoNdikhe ndabona abantu abatshai bephela kodwa ndibabonile nabo bavuke ngaphezulu kweemeko zabo."  

- UMoira Mentoor, onama55, utitshala waseAtlantis.

Sibamba ngazibini kwi-Atlantis Chamber of Commerce and Industry ebesingenakho ukuza nalo mboniso ukuba bebengekho.

Zithatyathwe:

• Kumboniso weDCAS e-Atlantis owenziwa ngo-2015, owenziwa e-Atlantis.  Umsitho? 

• Amanqaku ePhepha-ndaba iGrassroots ange-Atlantis: 1980 – 1988.  

• Ingxelo Yophando nge-Atlantis: yeNkqubo Yezixeko Ezikhuselekileyo yeSixeko saseKapa – Eyingxenye ye-UN Women – Izixeko Ezikhuselekileyo Ezingenabundlobongela Ngakumanina Namantombazana – Inkqubo Yehlabathi (ka-2016)

  https://resource.capetown.gov.za/documentcentre/Documents/City%20research%20reports%20and%20review/Final%20Scoping%20Study%20Atlantis%20%20for%20Un%20Women.pdf

• Tyala imali eKapa

  https://www.investcapetown.com/why-cape-town/green-economy/

• kwiSA News.gov.za

  https://www.sanews.gov.za/south-africa/new-factory-stimulate-job-creation-w-cape-youth