Isincoko zaseKapa - Imekobume
Imekobume ibonisa umboniso wobugcisa obuvela kwingqokelela yeZiko loLondolozo lweMbali yaseKapa kunye “nencoko” yokuqala evela kwingcinga “yendawo”. Iquka ntoni indawo kwaye kutheni ibalulekile; abantu baphenjelelwa njani ziimeko ezibangqongileyo kunye neemeko kwaye oku, kubumba njani okusingqongileyo?
Indawo ibhekisa kwisiza okanye kwisimo esithile. Nokuba yeyomhlaba okanye imeko yengqondo, indawo yeyobuqu kumava ethu ahlukeneyo nahlukileyo. Yinto esiyisebenzisayo ukuziqhelanisa nokuncamathisela intsingiselo kuyo. Uthethathethwano oluyilayo kunye nendawo luhlala luzama ukuseka ingxoxo phakathi kokusingqongileyo kunye nabantu bayo. Kulo mboniso we-intanethi, iKapa likhuthaza iingxoxo malunga namava awohlukeneyo anxulumene neKapa njengendawo, eboniswa ngokuvuma kweendawo ezibalulekileyo ngokwenkcubeko njengeBo-Kaap okanye imbali ebuhlungu yeDistrict Six, isalatha ubungangamsha kunye nobuhle bendalo beKapa, ukusuka kwiNtaba kaZixesha ukuya kwimozulu evuthuzayo, kwaye ibonisa amava amaninzi aphilayo anjengendawo esihlala kuyo, indlela esihamba ngayo kunye nendlela esiphumelela ngayo, ukunyamezela, ukubhiyozela nokukhuphisana.
IiNcoko zaseKapa- Imekobume yabelana ngembali yoluntu kunye neenyani zemihla ngemihla, imema ababukeli ukuba bafake isandla ngamava abo kwindawo ephilayo enguvimba eyiCape Town Digital.
Tony Grogan (b.1940), ‘Malay’ Quarter below Lion’s Head, 1990, Watercolour on paper, 34 x 53 cm
IBo-Kaap yindawo yaseKapa, eyayifudula isaziwa njenge ‘Malay’ Quarter. Yindawo eyayifudula icalulwe ngokobuhlanga, ekumathambeka eSignal Hill ngaphezu kombindi wesixeko kwaye liziko lembali lenkcubeko ye'Cape Malay' eKapa. Namhlanje inetyala elikhulu kuhlobo lwayo lolwakhiwo lwasekhaya, uninzi lwezindlu ezinomgangatho omnye ezinophahla olusicaba olupeyintwe ngemibala eyahlukeneyo eqaqambileyo.
UTony Grogan ngumzobi wekhathuni, umzobi kunye negcisa ohlala eKapa. Omnye wabantu abaphambili ekwenzeni iikhathunii eMzantsi Afrika, ungoyena mzobi wemifanekiso ekhathuni ixesha elide weCape Times, ezibandakanye nephephandaba ngowe1974. UGregon ubhale imbali yaseMzantsi Afrika waze wazoba nemizobo yeencwadi zabantu abadala nezabantwana ngokufanayo. Ubonise ukuzoba kwakhe kunye nemizobo kwaye umsebenzi wakhe umelwe kwiingqokelela ezininzi zabucala kunye neenkampani.
Tyrone Appollis (b.1957), District Six, Gouache on paper, 50 x 65 cm
Ummandla owaziwa ngokuba yiDistrict Six yayilikhaya labantu abamele uluntu olwahlukeneyo ngokubhekiselele kulwimi, inkolo, umgangatho woqoqosho kunye nendawo yemvelaphi. Iquka uluntu oludlamkileyo lwabo babefudula bengamakhoboka, abarhwebi, amagcisa, abasebenzi kunye nabaphambukeli abanonxibelelwano olusondeleyo esixekweni kunye nezibuko. Phantsi korhulumente wocalucalulo iDistrict Six yabhengezwa “njengengingqi yeqela labamhlophe” phantsi koMthetho weGroup Areas Act we1950 ngomhla we11 kweyoMdumba 1966, kwaye ngowe1982, intlalo yoluntu yayisele itshatyalalisiwe. Bangaphezu kwama60 000 abantu abaye basuswa ngenkani kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni ezaziwa ngokuba yiCape Flats kwaye izindlu zabo eDistrict Six zenziwa sicaba ngoogandaganda.
UTyrone Errol Appollis ligcisa laseMzantsi Afrika, imvumi kunye nembongi. Ufunde ubugcisa kwiSikolo seSiseko soBugcisa kwiObservatory naphantsi koCecil Skotnes kwiProjekthi yobuGcisa yoLuntu ukusuka kowe1982 ukuya kowe1986. U-Appollis uthathe inxaxheba kwimiboniso emininzi yasekhaya neyamazwe ngamazwe kwaye umsebenzi wakhe ubanjwe kwingqokelela yabucala kunye neyoluntu. Imizobo yakhe eyimibalabala ibonisa amaxesha atshintshayo eMzantsi Afrika ngexesha lomzabalazo wenkululeko. Umsebenzi kaAppollis ukwaziswa ngumbono wobugcisa njengengxoxo yenkcubeko kunye nenkolelo yokuba ubugcisa bunokukhuthaza uxolelwaniso lwezopolitiko kunye noluntu.
Peter Clarke (1929-2014), Silence, 1978, Etching with aquatint, edition of 40, 38 x 32 cm
UPeter Clarke wayezazi iziganeko ezimangalisayo ezazimngqongile ngexesha leenguqu kwezopolitiko waza wafanisa oku kuqonda “nokumamela iindudumo ezikude ezizisa “iingoma ongenakuzihoya”. UClarke ukwamkele ukwazi kwakhe ngale meko kwimisebenzi yakhe echuliweyo, ecingayo efana nokubhala “Ukuthula” kunye nomoya wokuzihlukanisa. "Ukuthula" kukwasikhumbuza i-iconic triptych kaClarke ethi "Haunted House" (1976) ukususela ngexesha elifanayo, elinokuthi lithathwe njengelizwe lengqondo, apho ukuthula kubonisa ukungabikho kumabali abantu abawabalisayo, ngakumbi malunga namava abuhlungu.
UPeter Clarke wazalelwa eSimon's Town apho wayesebenza edokisini ukusukela ngowe1944. Wagqiba ekubeni abe ligcisa elisisigxina emva kotyelelo lwakhe eTesselaarsdal ngowe1956. Wafunda ukubhala kwiMichaelis School of Fine Art kwiDyunivesithi yaseKapa ngowe1961. Wayenephepha-mvume elikhethekileyo lokufunda njengomfundi webala kwiziko labamhlophe. UClarke waqhubela phambili izifundo zakhe eRijksakademie van Beeldende Kunsten ukusuka ngowe1962-1963 kwaye wenza ikhosi yokuprinta eAtelier Nord eOslo ngowe1978. Ngowe1967 uClarke nosapho lwakhe bafuduswa ngokunyanzeliswa phantsi koMthetho weGroup Areas Act we1950 waze wafudukela kwilokishi iOcean View apho ebeqhuba indibano yocweyo yobugcisa kubantwana abangathathi ntweni. Wayeligcisa elinobuchule kwaye ngexesha lomsebenzi othathe iminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amathandathu, wasebenza ngokuzimisela njengegcisa, imbongi kunye nombhali kuluhlu olubanzi lwemithombo yeendaba - ukupeyinta, ukwenza ushicilelo, ukuzoba, ikholaji kunye neencwadi zakhe zegcisa ezenziwe ngesandla. Umsebenzi wakhe ujongene nengcinezelo, intlupheko kunye nokuhluthwa, kodwa amagqabantshintshi entlalontle athotywa ngumbono obalaseleyo wokubhiyozela.
Cecil Skotnes (1926-2009), White Monday Disaster Portfolio, 1975, Series of 13 woodcuts, Edition of 125
INtlekele yoMvulo oMhlophe
Iziqendu ezili13 ezimalunga nendoda (uWolraad Woltemade) kunye nehashe lakhe elibolekiweyo kwimbali yeKapa ngowe1773, ezisekelwe kwingxelo kaCharles Peter Thunberg, ingcali yendalo yaseSweden kunye nogqirha wotyando weVereenigde Oostindische Compagnie. UWoltemade wayengumfama wobisi waseKapa onguMDatshi, owasweleka ngelixa wayehlangula oomatiloshe kwingozi yenqanawa iDe Jonge Thomas eTable Bay ngomhla woku1 kweyeSilimela kowe1773.
UCecil Skotnes wayeligcisa laseMzantsi Afrika elaziwa kakhulu ngokupeyinta kunye neepaneli zeplanga ezicakiweyo, imizobo eyenziwe ngamaplanga, imizobo eseludongeni kawonke-wonke, iitapestries kunye nemifanekiso eqingqiweyo, kwanobuvulindlela bendlela yokuvelisa ubugcisa obusebenzisa imibala yomhlaba kunye nemithi yemveli ukwenza amabali abonakalayo malunga nexesha elidlulileyo lamaAfrika. Wayeligosa lezenkcubeko kwiZiko lobuGcisa lasePolly Street kwaye wayesaziwa njengomfundisi-ntsapho nomcebisi, njengoko wayeligcisa. Umsebenzi wakhe wobomi bonke yayikukukhulisa italente nokukhuthaza ubuchule bokuyila, ingakumbi kwiindawo apho urhulumente wocalucalulo wayekubekele bucala ngabom oku. Wawongwa ngembasa yegolide kaMongameli weLizwe ngenkonzo yakhe kwilizwe kunye negalelo lakhe ekupheliseni ubuhlanga kubugcisa boMzantsi Afrika.
Braam Kruger (1950 - 2008), Bay of storms: a monument on paper in honour of the shipwrecked souls lost in Table Bay at the Cape of Good Hope (plate II from a set or IV), 1983, Lithograph, 49 x 64 cm
IBay of Storms okanye iTable Bay (kamva yathiywa igama ngokuba yiCape of Good Hope) kumazantsi osingasiqithi weCape Peninsula, ngokucacileyo yathiywa ngumatiloshe wasePortugal, uBartolomeu Dias ngowe1488 kuhambo lwakhe lokubuyela ePortugal, emva kokuqinisekisa imida esemazantsi elizwekazi iAfrika. Iyaziwa ngemozulu evuthuzayo kunye nolwandle olulwayo, iKapa ime kwindawo ekudibanela kuyo ubushushu baseMozambique-Agulhas ophuma kuLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya kunye nomsinga weBenguela osuka kumanzi aseAntarctic.
UBraam Kruger wagqiba izifundo zakhe kuyilo lwegraphic ngowe1975. Kamva ebomini wayesaziwa njengompheki, umbhali wokutya kunye nerestaurateur. Uchongelwe kumboniso we100 Vita Art Now- kwaye umsebenzi wakhe ubuyinxalenye yeTriennials yaseKapa. U-Kruger wayengumfundi wexesha elinye welithography eFrans Masereel's Centrum voor Grafiek eBelgium. Izandla zakhe zityhila isandla somzobi onobuchule. Nangona elichule kuluhlu lwemidiya, uKruger uya kuhlala ekhunjulwa ngemizobo yakhe. Ukubandakanya iintlobo ngeentlobo zezitayile, zisusela kwipop ethandwayo kunye neyokubonakaliswa kwezothando ukuya kwikhitsch ecacileyo.
Lyn Smuts (b.1941), Table Mountain, 1993, Etching, 45 x 121 cm
INtaba kaZixesha yintaba encochoyi yomtyaba eyenza imbonakalo yomhlaba ejongene nesixeko saseKapa. INtaba kaZixesha isebenza njengendawo enomtsalane kubakhenkethi. Kwabaninzi ifanekisela iKapa kunye namabali amaninzi abantu bomthonyama kunye nabo babefudula bengamakhoboka eKapa kunye noluntu lwale mihla oluphila ubomi babo phantsi kwethambeka lentaba.
ULyn Smuts ukhulele eFreyistata apho indawo evulekileyo nesibhakabhaka samchaphazela khona. Wathweswa isidanga kwiMichaelis School of Fine Art kwiYunivesithi yaseKapa ngowe1972, walandelisa ngeBA Honours kwiYunivesithi yaseNatal, eMgungundlovu ngowe1973. Emva koko waba ngumfundi onesidanga kwiAcademie voor Schone Kunsten eGhent ngowe1976. USmuts ukusukela ngoko uthabathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yobugcisa equka ukufundisa, ukuqhuba inkqubo yobugcisa yasekuhlaleni, ukwenza iindibano zocweyo kunye nokuhlehla nokusebenza ngentsebenziswano namanye amagcisa. Utsaleleka ekubambeni ukuphatheka kwayo kunye namandla okuvakalisa unikezelo lolwaleko olushinyeneyo. Ngexesha loxinzelelo lwezopolitiko kwiminyaka yowe1980 kunye neye1990 umsebenzi wakhe wabonakalisa inkxalabo ngemeko yoluntu. Emva kowe1994 wabuyela kwihlabathi lendalo, esenza imizobo kwindawo eyaguqulelwa kwiindlela zokushicilela. USmuts ngoku uphonononga ukubonwa kwesandi ngomdla okhethekileyo kwizakhiwo zendalo.
Solomon Siko (1965-2007), Kaapse Dokter, 1993, Oil paint on paper, 48 x 51 cm
“UGqirha waseKapa” ligama lengingqi lomoya onamandla, osoloko uzingisa kunye nowomileyo osuka emazantsi-mpuma onokuthi udume kakubi kakhulu ngaphakathi nakwiCape Peninsula. Eli gama lisuka kwinkolelo yasekuhlaleni yokuba lisusa iKapa kungcoliseko nezifo.
Ubulumko bukaSolomon Siko bobugcisa basekwa emva kwemvukelo yaseSoweto ngowe1976. Ufundele ubugcisa kwiProjekthi yobuGcisa yoLuntu eWoodstock, eKapa ukususela ngowe1987 ukuya kutsho ngowe1989 kwaye ubonise kwiCape Gallery ukususela ngowe1992. Umntu ohlekisayo onomdla kunye nombalisi wokubonakalayo, ukhetha imifanekiso yexabiso layo eliqinileyo lokunxulumana. Ufuna ukuxhotyiswa, ukuthatha inxaxheba kunye nelizwi kubo bonke kwihlabathi lasemva kobukoloniyali.
Amos Langdown (1930-2006), Three Fishermen, 1994, Oil on paper, 60 x 46 cm
Ecinga ngalo mzobo, umbhali-mbali uJoline Young waqaphela ukuba ubukhoboka bazisa abalobi abaninzi abanobuchule baseMpuma beza eKapa. Abantu ababengamakhoboka kwimimandla engaselunxwemeni babekwaziwa ngokongeza ukutya okunqabileyo ngokuloba. Emva kobukhoboka, ukuloba kwaba yinto eqhelekileyo kwinzala yabantu abaninzi ababengamakhoboka eKapa, abathe bagqithisa obu buchule ukusuka kwesinye isizukulwana ukuya kwesinye.
ULangdown wayeligcisa lomzobo kunye nomzobi wembonakalo-mhlaba, imiboniso yedolophu kunye nemifanekiso. Wavelisa ilithographs, iwoodcuts, ietchings, imonotypes, imizobo kunye nemizobo yeoli. Ukhulele ePlettenberg Bay, indawana yokuloba kunxweme oluseMazantsi eAfrika (utata wakhe wayengumlobi ovulekileyo weminenga ovulekileyo ovulwe kanye ngexesha elinye) eyathi yanda yaba yindawo yokuphumla edumileyo yaselunxwemeni. ULangdown waqala wafunda bucala phantsi kwesikhokelo sikaKatherine Harries waza wawongwa ngebhasari kwiCape Three-Century Foundation ukuze aqhubele phambili nezifundo zakhe kwiRijks Academy eAmsterdam ukusukela ngowe1963-1964. Ngowe1988 uLangdown wagqiba isidanga seBA kwiDyunivesithi yaseBhayi (iNelson Mandela Metropolitan Museum namhlanje) wathatha inxaxheba kwimiboniso eyahlukeneyo yehlabathi. Imisebenzi yakhe ikwayinxalenye yeengqokelela ezininzi ezibalaseleyo zabucala kunye neziko. Imizobo kaLangdown ibonisa ukuqonda okunzulu kunye novelwano ngabantu kunye neziganeko zehlabathi elimngqongileyo.
Vuyisani Mgijima (b.1962), Free enterprise, 1991, Linocut, 56 x 70 cm
Ishishini lasimahla, okanye imarike yasimahla, ibhekisa kuqoqosho apho imarike imisela amaxabiso, iimveliso kunye neenkonzo endaweni kurhulumente. Amashishini kunye neenkonzo zikhululekile kulawulo lukarhulumente. Kungenjalo, ishishini lasimahla linokubhekisa kwinkqubo yengqondo okanye yezomthetho apho imisebenzi yorhwebo ilawulwa ikakhulu ngamanyathelo abucala. Kulo mzobo, uMgijima ubonisa urhwebo olungekho sikweni, uhlobo loshishino lwabucala olwenzeka ngaphandle kwenkqubo yezoqoqosho esesikweni.
Umsebenzi wobugcisa kaVuyisani Mgijima uzaliswe ziinkumbulo zobuntwana obusezilalini, nto leyo ethe chatha kanobom kwimizabalazo yemihla ngemihla yobomi basezilokishini ehlala eMitchell’s Plain eCape Flats. UMgijima uqaliswe ngezobugcisa ngethuba leenkqubo zesikolo saseBusika nesehlotyeni kwiYunivesithi yaseFort Hare eDikeni. Wazibandakanya neProjekthi yobuGcisa boLuntu eDistrict Six ngowe1988 kwaye wafumana inkxaso-mali ekupheleni konyaka wakhe wokuqala ukuze aqhubele phambili nezifundo zakhe eFoundation School of Fine Art eObservatory.
Willie Bester (b.1956), Mobile Shop, 1991, 49 x 82 cm, Mixed media collage
Njengomsebenzi kaMgijima othi “Free Enterprise”, okaWillie Bester othi “Mobile Shop” ubonisa ukurhweba ngokungekho sikweni elokishini. NgokweStats SA 2021, i17.8% yengqesho yamazwe iveliswa kwicandelo elingekho sikweni, elijolise ikakhulu kurhwebo.
Uzalelwe kwidolophu yaseMontagu kwiPhondo leNtshona Koloni eMzantsi Afrika, uWillie Bester ukhule esenza ubugcisa ngezinto azifumene kwindawo ahlala kuyo. UBester udala imifanekiso eqingqiweyo yesinyithi esebenzisa izinto ezifunyenweyo ezifana neendawo zemoto ezindala, ezilahliweyo kunye nezixhobo ezinika umsebenzi wakhe wobugcisa (ingakumbi imifanekiso yakhe eqingqiweyo) ubuhle besteampunk. Olu hlobo loyilo lusebenzisa isicwangciso sembali esidityaniswe nobuxhakaxhaka be-anachronistic kunye nokusebenzisa kwakhe kwezinto ezifunyenweyo kuye kwaqhubeka nokubonelela ngenxalenye yohlobo lwakhe lokutyikitya. UBester ngoku usekwe njengelinye lawona magcisa aziwayo kwaye asebenza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo angaxhathisiyo ngaphezulu kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu. Ukhetho lwakhe lwemixholo luphenjelelwe yintswela-bulungisa yocalucalulo, kunye nokudana nodano analo ngenxa yorhwaphilizo kunye nokusilela kwezentlalo kwixesha lasemva kocalucalulo.
Sophie Peters (b.1968), Circumstances, 1994, Linocut edition of 20, 28 x 28 cm
UPeters uthi ubalisa ‘amabali okwenene njengoko enjalo’ ezinto ezenzeka emakhayeni abantu okanye kwenye indawo. Uthi, “sinezizathu zokuba izinto zenzeke kubomi bethu, asikho nje apha, zininzi izinto ezonakalisayo ebomini bethu.” Ukukhweliswa kwempahla kwitroli kunokubonisa iimeko zokungabi namakhaya kolu hlelo. Ngokwemithombo yoRhulumente weNtshona Koloni bebengama4862 abantu abangenamakhaya abahlala eKapa ngowama2019. Uphando lwakutsha nje olwenziwe yiU-Turn, iKhulisa Streetscapes kunye neMES olukhutshwe kweyeNkanga wowama2020, lubanga ukuba eli nani lisondele kwi14 000 yabantu..
Umshicileli, umzobi kunye nomculi, imifanekiso kaSophie Peters ibonisa imbali yakhe yobuqu, uxhulumaniso lwakhe lokomoya, kunye nobudlelwane bakhe neendawo kunye namaxesha apho akhule khona kwaye aqhubeka ehlala khona.
UPeters wazalelwa eRhawutini waza waya eKapa ngowe1985, ezimisele ukwenza izifundo zobugcisa. Walugqibezela uqeqesho lwakhe kwiCommunity Arts Project (iCAP) ngowe1987. UPeter wabamba umboniso wakhe wokuqala eyedwa kwiAssociation of Art eBellville ngowe1995 kwaye ukusukela ngoko uthabathe inxaxheba kwimiboniso emininzi yeqela. Imisebenzi yakhe ibandakanyiwe kwingqokelela yamaziko amaninzi, kwaye ugqibe iikomishini phakathi kwezinye iRobben Island Museum kwaye wenze imizobo yeencwadi zabantwana.
Sue Williamson (b.1941), A Few South Africans: Case no 6831/21, 1985, Photoetching / screenprint collage, 100 x 70 cm, Edition 19/20
Imbinana yabemi boMzantsi Afrika luchungechunge lweminyaka yowe1980 olwaqhutywa phantsi kocalucalulo ukubhiyozela imbali yabasetyhini ababedlala indima kumzabalazo wenkululeko. Iiposikhadi ezishicilelwe kolu chungechunge zasasazwa ngokubanzi ngelo xesha. Ityala elingunombolo 6831/21, 1985 alinagama, kuba wayengomnye wamawaka awayekwimeko efanayo, “Ityala elingunombolo 6831/21” wayengenalungelo lokuhlala eKapa phantsi kwemithetho yocalu-calulo, nangona umyeni wakhe wayenomsebenzi wekhontrakthi kwinkampani yaseKapa. Wachitha ubomi bakhe bomtshato kumatyotyombe, esoloko ezingelwa ngamagosa esoyikiswa ngokuvalelwa nokugxothwa rhoqo phezu kwentloko yakhe. Eyona nto wayeyifuna yayikukuhlala njengosapho nomyeni wakhe nabantwana bakhe.
Uzalelwe eUnited Kingdom, uSue Williamson wafudukela eMzantsi Afrika nosapho lwakhe ngowe1948 kwaye ngoku uhlala kwaye usebenza eKapa. Uqeqeshelwe ubushicileli, uWilliamson ukwasebenza kufakelo, ukufota kunye nevidiyo. Ngeminyaka yowe1970 kunye nowe1980 wenza umsebenzi ojongene neenguqu kwintlalontle ngexesha localucalulo kwaye waziwa kakhulu ngothotho lwemifanekiso yakhe yabasetyhini ababebandakanyeka kumzabalazo wezopolitiko welizwe. Umsebenzi kaWilliamson ubonakala kwiingqokelela ezininzi zoluntu kwihlabathi liphela kwaye wafumana amabhaso ahlukeneyo kunye nobudlelwane.
Hardy Botha (b.1974), At Home, 1982, Watercolour on paper, 38 x 40 cm
"Ekhaya" inika umbono kwindawo yabucala kunye nobudlelwane phakathi kwekhaya kunye nesiqu sakho. Umbono wekhaya unokuhlakulela, ukhusele kwaye ucele umngeni ekuzazini kwethu, okanye usebenze njengendawo yokugcina ukhuseleko lwethu lwabucala. Umzimba ekhaya uba sisithuthi sokuphonononga ubudlelwane bethu neendawo esikuzo.
UHardy Botha waziwa ngamagqabaza akhe ahlekisayo ngocalucalulo lwaseMzantsi Afrika. Wafumena idiploma kwiFine Arts kwikholeji eyayisakuba yiOrange Free State Technical College. Wayenomboniso wakhe wokuqala eyedwa kowe1973 kwaye waqhubela phambili izifundo zakhe eMichaelis School of the Arts ukusuka kowe1979-1980. Ngowe1987 uBotha waya kwiDakar Dialogue, inkomfa eyimbali phakathi kwamalungu eInstitute for Democratic Alternatives in South Africa (IDASA) kunye neAfrican National Congress (ANC). Kwangaloo nyaka yena, ekunye noJan Visser, baseka iDal Josaphat Art Foundation ePaarl. UBotha wafundisa kwiDyunivesithi yaseStellenbosch de kwaba ngowe1991.
Marianne Podlashuc (1932-2004), Le vernissage, Mixed media on paper, 61 x 46 cm
I-vernissage (isuka kwisiFrentshi, ekuqaleni ethetha "ivarnishing") ligama elisetyenziselwa ukujonga kwangaphambili umboniso wobugcisa, onokuthi ube ngasese kwaye wenzeke phambi kokuvulwa ngokusesikweni. Kumxholo wenkcazo kaPodlashuc, kunokuqwalaselwa njengesalathiso sendlela ilizwe lobugcisa beli xesha libe luncedo kwimisebenzi yokungabandakanyi.
UMarianne Podlashuc wazalelwa eHolland ngowe1932, apho wayehlala khona ngexesha lolawulo lwamaNazi eNetherlands ngeMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi. Emva kokufudukela eMzantsi Afrika esuka eDelft ngowe1952, wazinza eBloemfontein njengegcisa eliziqhelanisayo. Kwiminyaka emihlanu emva koko watshata negcisa laseMzantsi Afrika uAlexander Podlashuc awathi kunye naye waseka iQela lamagcisa eBloemfontein ngowe1958. Ukubandezeleka awakufumanayo ebudeni beminyaka yakhe yokukhula kwaba nefuthe kuye njengomntu onovelwano, kodwa nanjengegcisa elimsebenzi walo ubunokuvakala. ulwazi olunzulu ngeyantlukwano ekuhlaleni. Oku kuqonda kubonakaliswa ngokukodwa kumsebenzi kaPordlashuc waseMzantsi Afrika weminyaka yowe1950 kunye nowe1960. U-Esmé Berman uchaza umfanekiso owenziwe ngesimbo esithile njengembonakaliso enamandla yempendulo kaPodlashuc kwizinto eziyinyani zabantu basekuhlaleni abangathathi ntweni.
Alexander Podlashuc (1930-2009), On the balcony, 1970, Linocut, 56 x 38 cm
Ukuchasana kubudlelwane bethu kunye nemekobume yaseMzantsi Afrika erhabaxa neyobuhle ilungelelaniswa yindawo engaphakathi ezolileyo enjengendawo yebalcony kaPodlashuc kwiithoni zayo ezipholileyo. Iibhalkhoni zinokufaniswa neengcinga zokuba ngaphakathi nangaphandle, iindawo zokuhlanganisana kunye nokwenza inkumbulo, iindawo ezilindelweyo ekulindeni okanye njengendawo yokunandipha umbono kunye nokucamngca ngehlabathi elidlulayo.
U-Alexander Podlashuc wazalelwa ePitoli ngowe1930 kwintsapho yaseRashiya eyayifuduka. 'UPod', njengoko wayesaziwa njalo lusapho, abahlobo kunye nabafundi, wayeligcisa elibalaseleyo lokuzoba, umzobi kunye nomfundisi-ntsapho. Uqeqesho lwakhe lobugcisa olusesikweni lwaqala xa wayeneminyaka eli16 kuphela kwiMichaelis School of Fine Art kwiYunivesithi yaseKapa. Indalo kaPodlashuc egxekayo kunye nemvukelo, kunye nomdla wakhe kubugcisa bale mihla yambona engqubana nabacebisi bakhe kwaye wagxothwa esikolweni. Ubomi bakhe babuquka imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo ePitoli, eBloemfontein, eBhayi naseKapa.
Tyrone Appollis (b.1957), Three in the train, 1983, Hand-painted linocut edition of 15, 23 x 20 cm
Njengenxalenye yeziseko ezingundoqo zeSixeko, izithuthi zikawonke-wonke zivumela imisebenzi yezoqoqosho nentlalo-ntle eyona nto iphambili kuzo ngokunempumelelo nokufikeleleka kwayo. Oololiwe bakaMetrorail abakhwela abakhweli eKapa kudala besaziwa ngokuxinana kwakude kudala. Izikhululo zikaloliwe kunye neziseko zoncedo ziye zonakaliswa, nto leyo ekhokelela kwinkonzo engathembekanga. Ngexesha leCovid-19 imeko yaba mandundu. NgokweArhente kaLoliwe waBakhweli bakaLoliwe eMzantsi Afrika (iPRASA) oololiwe aba5 kwabali12 abasetyenziswa nguMetrorail ngowama2019 abasasebenzi. Umgaqo kaloliwe osembindini, owona mzila kaloliwe uxakekileyo kwiSixeko onceda ezona ndawo zihlwempuzekileyo, awusasebenzi.
UTyrone Errol Appollis ligcisa laseMzantsi Afrika, imvumi kunye nembongi. Wafunda ubugcisa kwiFoundation School of Art eObservatory naphantsi koCecil Skotnes kwiCommunity Arts Project ukusuka kowe1982 ukuya kowe1987. UAppollis uthathe inxaxheba kwimiboniso emininzi yasekhaya neyamazwe ngamazwe kwaye umsebenzi wakhe ubanjwe kwingqokelela yabucala kunye neyoluntu. Imizobo yakhe eyimibalabala ibonisa amaxesha atshintshayo eMzantsi Afrika ngexesha lomzabalazo wenkululeko. Umsebenzi kaAppollis uxhaswa ngumbono wobugcisa njengengxoxo yenkcubeko kunye nenkolelo yokuba ubugcisa bunokukhuthaza uxolelwaniso lwezopolitiko kunye nentlalontle.
Solomon Siko (1965-2007), Town Scene, 1993, Oil paint on paper, 48 x 39 cm
USiko waziwa kakhulu ngomzobo wakhe wehlabathi elimngqongileyo, kwaye imizobo yakhe edlamkileyo yimidlalo yeqonga ebonisa ubomi basesitalatweni eKapa.
Ubulumko bukaSolomon Siko bobugcisa basekwa emva kwemvukelo yaseSoweto ngowe1976. Ufundele uBugcisa kwiCommunity Arts Project eWoodstock, eKapa ukususela ngowe1987 ukuya kutsho ngowe1989 kwaye ubonise kwiCape Gallery ukususela ngowe1992. Umbhali okwencayo onomdla kunye nombalisi wokubonakalayo, ukhetha imifanekiso yexabiso layo eliqinileyo lokunxulumana. Ufuna ukuxhotyiswa, ukuthatha inxaxheba kunye nelizwi kubo bonke kwihlabathi lasemva kobukoloniyali.